Table 1 Demographic data, clinical presentations, frequencies, and classifications of complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts
Item | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
Age groups | ||
Infant | 22 | 73.3 |
Child | 6 | 20 |
Adult | 2 | 6.66 |
Age (years), mean (standard deviation) 3.6 ± 6.64 | ||
Sex | ||
Female | 8 | 26.6 |
Male | 22 | 73.3 |
Clinical presentations | ||
Bulged anterior fontanelle | 22 | 73.3 |
Sleepiness | 21 | 70 |
Frequent vomiting | 20 | 66.7 |
Enlarged head | 17 | 56.66 |
Tense anterior fontanelle | 12 | 40 |
Agitation and irritability | 11 | 36.7 |
Inflammation around distal tube | 9 | 30 |
Fever | 6 | 20 |
Headache | 7 | 23.33 |
Exposure of shunt reservoir | 4 | 13.66 |
CSF leak from distal wound | 3 | 10 |
Swelling around reservoir | 2 | 6.66 |
Swelling around distal tube | 2 | 6.66 |
Scrotal swelling | 1 | 3.33 |
Complications | ||
A Related to proximal catheter and reservoir | 15 | 50 |
Exposure of the reservoir | 4 | 13.33 |
Misplaced catheter | 3 | 10 |
Ventriculitis | 2 | 6.66 |
Proximal obstruction by debris | 2 | 6.66 |
CSF collection around reservoir | 2 | 6.66 |
CSF overdrainage (CSDH) | 2 | 6.66 |
B Related to distal catheter | 15 | 50 |
Exposure of skin overlying the tube | 3 | 10 |
Infection around the tube | 2 | 6.66 |
CSF collection around distal tube | 2 | 6.66 |
Fracture of the tube | 2 | 6.66 |
Extrusion through anus | 2 | 6.66 |
Obstruction by pseudocyst | 2 | 6.66 |
Extra peritoneal placement | 2 | 6.66 |
Hydrocele | 1 | 3.33 |