Table 4 Comparison of the baseline characteristics between retained and LTFU patients

Sex

Male

90 (90.9)

9 (90.0)

0.924

Female

9 (9.1)

1 (10.0)

Age

Below 30 years

50 (50.5)

6 (60.0)

0.567

30 years and above

49 (49.5)

4 (40.0)

35–100

14 (14.1)

2 (28.6)

> 100

35 (35.4)

2 (28.6)

Marital status (n = 107)

Single

48 (49.5)

7 (70.0)

0.217

Married

49 (50.5)

3 (30.0)

Cause of trauma (n = 107)

RTA

51 (52.6)

6 (60.0)

0.912

Assault

35 (36.1)

3 (30.0)

Falls

8 (8.2)

1 (10.0)

Others

3 (3.1)

0 (0.0)

Who brought to hospital (n = 105)

Police

12 (12.5)

4 (44.4)

0.059

Nurse

18 (18.7)

0 (0.0)

Well wishers

11 (11.5)

1 (11.2)

Attendants

55 (57.3)

4 (44.4)

Mode of arrival (n = 107)

Ambulance

37 (38.1)

2 (20.0)

0.293

Motorcycle

6 (6.2)

1 (10.0)

Police pickup

14 (14.4)

4 (40.0)

Private vehicle

38 (39.2)

3 (30.0)

Public vehicle

2 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

Pre-hospital treatment (n = 80)

Oxygen

11 (14.7)

1 (20.0)

0.340

IV fluids

53 (70.7)

3 (60.0)

Mannitol

4 (5.2)

0 (0.0)

Antibiotics

2 (2.7)

1 (20.0)

Analgesia

5 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

Total post resuscitation GCS (n = 106)

Mild TBI

54 (55.1)

1 (12.5)

0.043

Moderate TBI

19 (19.4)

2 (25.0)

Severe TBI

25 (25.5)

5 (62.5)

Pulse (n = 75)

Mean = 84.9

Mean = 108.2

0.024*

Oxygen saturation (n = 69)

< 90%

12 (18.5)

0 (0.0)

0.344

> 90%

53 (81.5)

4 (100.0)

Systolic BP (n = 77)

< 90

17 (24.3)

1 (14.3)

0.551

> 90

53 (75.7)

6 (85.7)

Pupillary size (n = 97)

Equal

2 (94.4)

8 (100.0)

0.789

Dilated right

3 (3.4)

0 (0.0)

Dilated left

2 (2.2)

0 (0.0)

Vomit

Yes

38 (38.4)

5 (50.0)

0.474

No

61 (61.6)

5 (50.0)

Convulsion

Yes

24 (24.2)

4 (40.0)

0.277

No

75 (75.8)

6 (60.0)

CSF leak (n = 101)

Nose

2 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

0.875

Nose and ears

1 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

None

90 (96.8)

8 (100.0)

Facial fractures (n = 99)

Yes

2 (2.2)

0 (0.0)

0.672

No

89 (97.8)

8 (100.0)

Limb weakness (n = 98)

Upper limb lift or right

2 (2.2)

0 (0.0)

0.926

Lower limb left or right

1 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

Both lower and upper limbs

2 (2.2)

0 (0.0)

None neither upper or lower

85 (94.4)

8 (100.0)

Type of surgery (n = 64)

Craniostomy/burr hole

1 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

0.875

Craniotomy

56 (91.8)

3 (100.0)

Craniectomy

4 (6.6)

0 (0.0)

Diagnosis made

ASDH

26 (26.3)

3 (30.0)

0.881

AEDH

71 (71.7)

7 (70.0)

Both ASDH and AEDH

2 (2.0)

0 (0.0)

Findings at surgery (n = 107)

Subdural hematoma

25 (25.8)

3 (30.0)

0.946

Epidural hematoma

69 (71.1)

7 (70.0)

Contusion

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

Others

2 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

Post-operative care area (n = 106)

ICU

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

0.942

HDU

10 (10.2)

1 (12.5)

Ward

87 (88.8)

7 (87.5)